A Michigan federal court remanded a Social Security disability case while warning plaintiff’s counsel that a cited case — Fleck v. Commissioner of Social Security — appeared to be a ‘phantom’ case likely generated by AI. The court warned that future AI-generated unconfirmed citations could result in sanctions.
A federal court in Oklahoma warned an attorney that future AI-generated fake citations could lead to sanctions or the striking of filings. Though no sanctions were imposed this time, the court’s rebuke signals escalating judicial intolerance for unverified AI-generated legal research.
An Oregon federal court imposed $110,000 in sanctions on a law firm after associates used an AI tool to draft briefs containing fabricated case citations — and partners failed to supervise or verify the research. The penalty, one of the largest on record for AI-related misconduct, establishes that supervisory partners bear full responsibility for AI errors made by junior staff.
An Arizona federal court struck a pro se plaintiff’s amended complaint motion after discovering two AI-hallucinated citations and warned the plaintiff that future submissions containing hallucinated cases would result in Rule 11 sanctions. The court explicitly stated that AI hallucinations allow it
A Wisconsin federal court found AI-hallucinated citations in a pro se complaint — including citations that led to entirely unrelated cases — and warned plaintiffs that hallucinations are ‘fundamentally incompatible with our justice system’ while ordering compliance with Rule 11.
Endure Industries, a small business appealing a Defence Health Agency contract cancellation before the ASBCA, cited a nonexistent court decision in its brief. After a show cause order, the company admitted AI use — the first documented AI hallucination admission before the Armed Services Board of Co
A Florida pro se appellant challenging election procedures filed briefs citing numerous non-existent cases and quoting real cases for propositions they do not support. The Second District Court of Appeal affirmed dismissal, issued a formal warning that future AI-hallucinated filings will face advers
A New York attorney was immediately suspended after her AI-generated brief filed in federal immigration court contained fabricated citations — then refused to cooperate with the state bar investigation, calling it a “racist attack.” The First Department’s order under 22 NYCRR 1240.9 shows how AI mis
A Minnesota pro se litigant’s complaint was dismissed after the trial court found he ‘repeatedly cited nonexistent legal authority.’ The Court of Appeals affirmed the dismissal as non-appealable, finding the without-prejudice dismissal did not affect his substantial rights.
Alabama’s Supreme Court dismissed an appeal in a trust fiduciary dispute after the appellant’s attorney filed briefs riddled with fabricated and misquoted AI-generated citations. The court awarded $17,200 in attorneys’ fees against the lawyer personally and referred him to the Alabama State Bar — one of the most severe appellate AI-hallucination consequences in US legal history.