An Indiana appellate court found that a pro se appellant’s brief contained North Eastern Reporter citations that did not match stated case names — concluding the errors were ‘more likely’ from AI research. Admonishment issued; the trial court’s denial of a protective order was affirmed.
A US appellate court struck an appellant’s brief three times after she repeatedly submitted AI-hallucinated citations — first claiming she filed the wrong draft, then admitting one error while hiding others, and finally submitting a reply brief with another hallucination absent the required AI certi
In the Dominion/MyPillow defamation case, Judge Nina Wang sanctioned defense attorney Christopher Kachouroff $5,000 for misrepresenting a case citation in a post-trial brief — his second sanctions order in the same case, bringing cumulative penalties to $8,000 after earlier AI-hallucination violatio
SDNY Magistrate Judge Gorenstein fined attorney Tricia Lindsay $2,500 under Rule 11 after her opposition briefs cited numerous fabricated cases; Lindsay offered no coherent explanation for the source of the fake citations and failed to confirm they had been manually verified.
Joshua Harris filed a Fair Credit Reporting Act lawsuit and proceeded to submit fabricated AI-generated citations in four separate filings across three show cause hearings. After being warned repeatedly and given multiple opportunities to comply, he admitted at a hearing that dismissal was an approp
Maryland’s Appellate Court issued an extraordinary editorial note confirming that an official custody opinion contained AI-generated fake citations that have been preserved in the record as written; the court affirmed father’s sole custody despite the embedded legal errors.
Ohio’s 11th Appellate District sanctioned criminal defense attorney William Norman after he filed an application to reopen a murder conviction citing prosecutor quotes that never appeared in the trial record. Admitting under oath, Norman attributed the fabrications to AI use, receiving a public repr
A California appellate court affirmed a vexatious litigant order against a pro se appellant who submitted fabricated quotations from real cases across his opening and reply briefs. The court documented specific invented passages in its published opinion and issued a formal warning.
Oregon’s Court of Appeals sanctioned pro se appellant Heather Boersma $500 for filing a brief with multiple fabricated cases and unrelated citations. Critically, she had been warned about identical citation problems in a separate simultaneous appeal — and took no steps to ensure the brief in this ca
In one of the most egregious AI hallucination cases on record, an Oregon federal court dismissed plaintiffs’ claims with prejudice and imposed monetary sanctions after their attorneys filed three briefs containing citations to 15 non-existent cases and fabricated quotations falsely attributed to eig